Abstract
Single phase Ca-substituted W-type hexaferrites Sr1-xCaxZn2Fe16O27(x = 0.00(0.25)1.00) have successfully been synthesized by using sol–gel self-combustion at 1300°C. These hexaferrites are investigated by x-ray difrractometry (XRD), scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, vibrating sample magnetometry, and vector network analysis. XRD analysis confirms the formation of a single W-type hexaferrites phase. The DC electrical resistivity increases with incrementing Ca contents. The morphology of all the hexaferrites shows hexagonal platelet-like structure. The prepared ferrites depict soft magnetic nature with high saturation magnetization, low coercivity and enhanced magnetic moments. The complex parameters such as complex permittivity and permeability decrease with the increasing Ca content. The prepared samples show good quality factor of 3 at 6 GHz, AC conductivity changes from 0.9 S/m to 0.5 S/m, and tangent loss decreases from 0.5 to 0.34 with Ca substitution. These improved characteristics make these hexaferrites valuable for devices such as microwave absorbers operated at higher frequencies.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
F. Guo, W. Zi, G. Ji, L. Zou, and S. Gan, J. Polym. Res. 22, 48 (2015).
J. Hassan, F.M. Yen, M. Hashim, Z. Abbas, Z.A. Wahab, W.M.D.W. Yusoff, and A. Zakaria, Ionics 13, 219–222 (2007).
S.R.K. Balaji, D. Mutharasu, S. Shanmugan, N.S. Subramanian, and K. Ramanathan, Ionics 16, 351 (2010).
R. McCurrie and S. Jackson, J. Appl. Phys. 61, 4858 (1987).
C. Wang, X. Qi, L. Li, J. Zhou, X. Wang, and Z. Yue, Mater. Sci. Eng., B 99, 270 (2003).
M. Hessien, D. Rayan, M. Mahmoud, A. Alhadhrami, and M. Rashad, J. Mater. Sci.: Mater. Electron. 29, 9771 (2018).
G.R. Gordani, M. Mohseni, A. Ghasemi, and S.R. Hosseini, Mater. Res. Bull. 76, 187 (2016).
M.J. Iqbal, R.A. Khan, S. Mizukami, and T. Miyazaki, Ceram. Int. 38, 4097 (2012).
J. Wang, C. Ponton, R. Grössinger, and I. Harris, J. Alloy. Compd. 369, 170 (2004).
L. Wang, J. Song, Q. Zhang, X. Huang, and N. Xu, J. Alloy. Compd. 481, 863 (2009).
N. Dishovski, A. Petkov, I. Nedkov, and I. Razkazov, IEEE Trans. Magn. 30, 969 (1994).
B. Shirk and W. Buessem, J. Appl. Phys. 40, 1294 (1969).
A. Huanosta-Tera, R.D. Lira-Hueso, O. Pérez-Orta, S. Palomares-Sanchez, S. Ponce-Castaneda, and M. Mirabal-Garcia, Scripta Mater. 42, 139 (2000).
I. Khan, I. Sadiq, I. Ali, M. Najam-Ul-Haq, A. Shah, I. Shakir, and M.N. Ashiq, J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 397, 6 (2016).
G.M. Rai and M. Rana, J. Alloy. Compd. 509, 4793 (2011).
A. Farhadizadeh, S.S. Ebrahimi, and S. Masoudpanah, J SUPERCOND NOV MAGN 29, 1273 (2016).
M.N. Akhtar and M.A. Khan, Ceram. Int. 44, 12921 (2018).
M.J. Iqbal, M.N. Ashiq, and I.H. Gul, J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 322, 1720 (2010).
W. Lee, Y.-K. Hong, M. Choi, H. Won, J. Lee, G. LaRochelle, and S. Bae, IEEE Magn. Lett. 8, 1–4 (2017).
M. Rashad, E. Elsayed, M. Al-Kotb, and A. Shalan, J. Alloy. Compd. 581, 71 (2013).
F.G. Brockman, P. Dowling, and W.G. Steneck, Phys. Rev. 77, 85 (1950).
M.J. Iqbal and R.A. Khan, J. Alloy. Compd. 478, 847 (2009).
M. Ahmad, R. Grössinger, I. Ali, I. Ahmad, and M. Rana, J. Alloy. Compd. 577, 382 (2013).
M. Barakat, M. Henaish, S. Olofa, and A. Tawfik, J. Therm. Anal. Calorim. 37, 241 (1991).
N. Mott, J. Phys. C: Solid State 13, 5433 (1980).
M.N. Akhtar, T. Hussain, M.A. Khan, and M. Ahmad, RESULTS PHYS 10, 784 (2018).
L. Zhang, G. Min, H. Yu, and H. Yu, Ceram. Int. 36, 2253 (2010).
N.N. Greenwood and A. Earnshaw, Chemistry of the elements (Elsevier, 2012).
L. Deng, L. Ding, K. Zhou, S. Huang, Z. Hu, and B. Yang, J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 323, 1895 (2011).
P. Sawadh and D. Kulkarni, Bull. Mater. Sci. 24, 47 (2001).
S. Ounnunkad and P. Winotai, J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 301, 292 (2006).
K. Wagner, Ann. Phys. 40, 817 (1913).
J. Bera and P. Roy, Phys. B 363, 128 (2005).
V. Zaspalis, V. Tsakaloudi, and E. Papazoglou, J. Electroceramics 11, 107 (2003).
S.W. Lee, S.Y. An, I.-B. Shim, and C.S. Kim, J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 290, 231 (2005).
A. El Foulani, A. Aamouche, A. Jedaa, M. Amjoud, and K. Ouzaouit, J. Mater. Environ. Sci. 7, 863 (2017).
A. Shaikh, S. Jadhav, S. Watawe, and B. Chougule, Mater. Lett. 44, 192 (2000).
M. Jean, V. Nachbaur, J. Bran, and J.-M. Le Breton, J. Alloy. Compd. 496, 306 (2010).
M. Ahmad, I. Ali, F. Aen, M. Islam, M.N. Ashiq, S. Atiq, W. Ahmad, and M. Rana, Ceram. Int. 38, 1267 (2012).
H.A. Graetsch, Acta Crystallogr. C 58, 152 (2002).
A. Goldman, Modern ferrite technology, 2nd ed. Chap. 3 (USA, 2006), p. 35.
G. Albanese, M. Carbucicchio, and G. Asti, J. Appl. Phys. 11, 81 (1976).
M.N. Akhtar, M.A. Khan, M. Ahmad, G. Murtaza, R. Raza, S. Shaukat, M. Asif, N. Nasir, G. Abbas, and M. Nazir, J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 368, 393 (2014).
Q. Liu, C. Wu, Y. Wang, X. You, J. Li, Y. Liu, and H. Zhang, Ceram. Int. 121, 1231 (2019).
M.Z. Iqbal, Journal of advanced research 7, 135 (2016).
I. Rabinkin and Z. Novikova, CIS.Minsk.by. 146, (1960).
M. Ajmal and A. Maqsood, Mater. Sci. Eng., B 139, 164 (2007).
R. Kharabe, R. Devan, C. Kanamadi, and B. Chougule, Smart Mater. Struct. 15, 36 (2006).
C. Koops, Phys. Rev. 83, 121 (1951).
N. Kumari, V. Kumar, and S. Singh, RSC Adv 5, 37925 (2015).
R.S. Yadav, I. Kuřitka, J. Vilcakova, J. Havlica, J. Masilko, L. Kalina, J. Tkacz, J. Švec, V. Enev, and M. Hajdúchová, Adv. Nat. Sci: Nanosci. Nanotechnol. 8, 45002 (2017).
M.M. Rahman, P.K. Halder, F. Ahmed, T. Hossain, and M. Rahaman, Int. J. Sci. Res. 4, 297 (2012).
M. Costa, G. Pires Jr., A. Terezo, M. Graca, and A. Sombra, J. Appl. Phys. 110, 34107 (2011).
M. Kaiser, Mater. Res. Bull. 73, 452 (2016).
S. Narayanan, A.K. Baral, and V. Thangadurai, Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 18, 15418 (2016).
K. Rasool, M. Rafiq, M. Ahmad, Z. Imran, and M. Hasan, Appl. Phys. Lett. 101, 253104 (2012).
D.C. Sinclair and A.R. West, J. Appl. Phys. 66, 3850 (1989).
M. Etemadrezaei and S.M. Lukic, ECCE 14, 21 (2012).
L. Jia, J. Luo, H. Zhang, G. Xue, and Y. Jing, J. Alloy. Compd. 489, 162 (2010).
G. Amiri, M. Yousefi, and S. Fatahian, Optoelectron. Adv. Mat. 6, 158 (2012).
Y. Feng, T. Qiu, and C. Shen, J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 318, 8 (2007).
N. Sivakumar, A. Narayanasamy, B. Jeyadevan, R.J. Joseyphus, and C. Venkateswaran, J. Phys. D 41, 245001 (2008).
F. Advances in Natural Sciences: Nanoscience and NanotechnologyAen, M. Ahmad and M. Rana, Curr. Appl. Phys. 13, 41 (2013).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
ur Rehman, A., Shaukat, S.F., Akhtar, M.N. et al. A Study of Structural, Magnetic and Various Dielectric Parameters of Ca-Substituted W-Type Hexaferrites for Applications at 1–6 GHz Frequencies. J. Electron. Mater. 48, 7149–7161 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11664-019-07515-w
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11664-019-07515-w